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Weight-Distance Tax States: What Truckers Must Know About Oregon, New York, New Mexico, Kentucky, and Connecticut

WheelsAndAxle TeamFebruary 22, 202616 min read

IFTA handles your fuel tax across all 48 lower states. But five states tack on a second tax — one based on how much your truck weighs and how many miles you drive on their roads. Miss it, and you are looking at fines, late fees, or your truck held at a weigh station.

These five states are:

  • Oregon — Weight-Mile Tax
  • New York — Highway Use Tax (HUT)
  • New Mexico — Weight-Distance Tax
  • Kentucky — Weight-Distance Tax (KYU)
  • Connecticut — Highway Use Fee (HUF)

Each one works differently. Each has its own sign-up, its own forms, and its own deadlines. This guide breaks down what you owe, how to file, and what happens if you don't — state by state, with links to the official .gov source for each fact.

At a Glance: All Five States Side by Side

StateTax NameWeight ThresholdRate BasisFilingTemp Option
OregonWeight-Mile Tax26,001 lbsMills per mile by weight bracketMonthly or quarterly$9 pass (10 days)
New YorkHighway Use Tax18,001 lbs (gross)Per-mile by weight bracketMonthly, quarterly, or yearly$25 trip cert (72 hrs)
New MexicoWeight-Distance Tax26,001 lbsMills per mile by weight bracketQuarterlyTrip tax at port of entry
KentuckyKYU Tax60,000+ lbsFlat $0.0285/mileQuarterly$40 permit (10 days)
ConnecticutHighway Use Fee26,000+ lbs (Class 8–13)Per-mile by weight bracketQuarterlyNone

Key point: Each of these is a standalone tax, filed straight to that state — not through your IFTA return. You must sign up and file with each state on its own.


Oregon: Weight-Mile Tax

Oregon does not charge diesel fuel tax on trucks that pay the weight-mile tax. That is why Oregon shows $0.00 on your IFTA return for diesel. Instead of taxing your fuel, Oregon taxes your miles.

Who Must Sign Up

Any truck or truck-and-trailer with a combined gross weight over 26,000 lbs driving on Oregon roads. Out-of-state carriers are not exempt — if you cross into Oregon, you owe.

Source: ODOT — Motor Carrier Requirements

How the Tax Works

Oregon sets a rate in mills per mile (1 mill = one-tenth of a cent). The rate goes up with your declared weight, in 2,000-lb steps from 26,001 lbs up to 105,500 lbs.

Sample rates from ODOT's rate table (Form 9928):

Declared WeightMills per Mile
26,001–28,000 lbs76.4
28,001–30,000 lbs80.9
78,001–80,000 lbsHigher bracket
80,001–105,500 lbsVaries by weight and axle count

To work out your tax: multiply the decimal rate by your Oregon miles. A truck at 28,000 lbs driving 1,000 Oregon miles owes about 1,000 × $0.0809 = $80.90.

Source: ODOT — Form 9928, Mileage Tax Rates

How to Sign Up

  1. Get an Oregon motor carrier account through Oregon Trucking Online or by mailing Form 9076
  2. Enroll each truck and declare your heaviest running weight
  3. Post a surety bond (unless you hold a D&B rating of 3A2 or higher)

Phone: 503-378-6699 (Mon–Fri, 6 AM – 6 PM Pacific)

Source: ODOT — Weight-Mile Tax Enrollment

Deadlines

New carriers file monthly by default — due the last day of the month after the tax month. You can switch to quarterly by sending in Form 9030.

QuarterMonthsDue
Q1Jan–MarMay 31
Q2Apr–JunAug 31
Q3Jul–SepNov 30
Q4Oct–DecFeb 28

You must file even when you have no Oregon miles. A zero-mile return is still needed.

Source: ODOT — File a Tax Report

What Happens If You Don't File

  • 10% late charge on all late tax
  • Audit underpayment over 15%: 20% penalty
  • No return filed at all: 25% penalty
  • 1% interest per month on any assessment
  • Your account can be suspended, meaning you cannot lawfully drive in Oregon

Source: ODOT — Motor Carrier Audit

Oregon and IFTA: How They Fit Together

Oregon's weight-mile tax replaces the per-gallon diesel fuel tax for enrolled trucks. That is why your IFTA return shows $0.00 for Oregon diesel.

But you still need an IFTA license if you drive interstate. You file your IFTA return and your Oregon weight-mile return — two separate filings to two different offices.

If you buy diesel in Oregon while enrolled in the weight-mile program, you do not pay fuel tax at the pump. If you accidentally do, you can claim a credit on your next weight-mile report.

Source: ODOT — Interstate Operations / IFTA

Temp Pass for One-Off Trips

If you do not have an Oregon account, you can buy a temporary weight-mile tax pass:

  • Cost: $9 + weight-mile tax on the miles you buy
  • Good for: 10 days
  • Limit: 5 passes per truck, or 35 per account in a rolling 12 months (then you must fully enroll)
  • Phone: 503-378-6699 (Visa or MasterCard only)

Source: ODOT — Weight-Mile Temporary Tax Pass


New York: Highway Use Tax (HUT)

New York charges a per-mile tax based on truck weight for driving on New York public highways. Toll-paid miles on the New York State Thruway are not counted.

Who Must Sign Up

Any truck or tractor with a gross weight over 18,000 lbs using New York public roads. If you use the unloaded weight method, the thresholds are trucks over 8,000 lbs unloaded or tractors over 4,000 lbs unloaded.

New York's threshold is lower than most other weight-distance states.

Exempt: Farm trucks (used only for own farm goods), government trucks, fire trucks, recreational vehicles used only for personal trips, and U.S. Mail carriers.

Source: NY Tax — Introduction to HUT

What It Costs

Rates depend on gross weight, in 2,000-lb brackets. Here are some key rates from the HUT Rate Schedule:

Gross WeightRate per Mile
18,001–20,000 lbs$0.0084
40,001–42,000 lbs$0.0182
60,001–62,000 lbs$0.0322
78,001–80,000 lbs$0.0546
80,001+ lbs$0.0028 per extra ton

A typical 80,000-lb truck running 500 miles in New York owes: 500 × $0.0546 = $27.30.

Source: NY Tax — HUT Rate Schedule 1

How to Sign Up

Sign up through OSCAR (One Stop Credentialing and Registration) at oscar.ny.gov. You need a US DOT number and an EIN.

  • Cost: $1.50 per truck (covers certificate and decal)
  • Each truck gets a HUT decal that must be stuck near the front plate
  • Phone: 518-474-7667 (Mon–Fri, 8:30 AM – 4:30 PM ET)

Source: NY Tax — Certificate of Registration

Deadlines

How often you file depends on how much you owe:

Prior Year HUTFiling
$1,200 or lessYearly
$1,201–$12,000Quarterly
Over $12,000Monthly

New carriers start with quarterly filing. Returns are due the last day of the month after the reporting period.

File through HUT Web File (free, with direct bank payment).

Source: NY Tax — Filing Requirements

What Happens If You Don't File

  • 10% late penalty on tax due, plus 1% per extra month (caps at 30%)
  • Filing 60+ days late: at least $100 minimum fine
  • Driving without a HUT certificate: $500–$2,000 for first offense, $1,000–$3,500 for repeat
  • Willful evasion: fines and possible jail time
  • The state can seize and sell your truck at public auction for unpaid tax

Source: NY Tax — Enforcement Provisions

New York and IFTA

HUT and IFTA are two fully separate taxes. IFTA covers your fuel tax. HUT covers your mileage tax. You need both credentials to run through New York.

One quirk: IFTA counts Thruway miles, but HUT does not (since you already paid tolls). Keep your toll receipts to back up the Thruway miles you exclude from HUT.

Source: NY Tax — Other Taxes on Carriers

Trip Permits for One-Off Trips

  • Cost: $25 per trip
  • Good for: 72 hours (weekends and holidays count)
  • Limit: 10 per calendar year
  • Get them through OSCAR
  • Not for trucks hauling fuel

Source: NY Tax — Trip Certificate


New Mexico: Weight-Distance Tax

New Mexico charges a weight-distance tax on trucks with a declared gross weight over 26,001 lbs driving on state roads — whether you are based in New Mexico or just passing through.

Who Must Sign Up

Any truck with a declared gross vehicle weight of 26,001 lbs or more on New Mexico roads. Both in-state and out-of-state carriers must pay.

Exempt: School buses, farm labor buses, and buses run by religious or nonprofit groups.

Source: NM Taxation & Revenue — Weight-Distance Tax

What It Costs

Rates are in mills per mile and go up in 2,000-lb weight brackets. Current rates from Section 7-15A-6 NMSA 1978:

Declared GVWRate (mills/mile)Rate ($/mile)
26,001–28,000 lbs11.01$0.01101
38,001–40,000 lbs16.73$0.01673
58,001–60,000 lbs29.93$0.02993
78,001+ lbs43.78$0.04378

An 80,000-lb truck driving 500 miles in New Mexico owes: 500 × $0.04378 = $21.89.

One-way haulers (empty 45%+ of their miles) get a one-third cut — they pay two-thirds of the standard rate.

Source: NM Legislature — SB0002 (current rate table)

How to Sign Up

Get a Weight-Distance Tax Electronic Permit for each truck through MVD Online Services. Permits cost $10 each and last one calendar year.

If you run two or more trucks, you must file electronically.

Source: NM MVD — Weight-Distance

Deadlines

Quarterly — same calendar as IFTA:

QuarterMonthsDue
Q1Jan–MarApril 30
Q2Apr–JunJuly 31
Q3Jul–SepOctober 31
Q4Oct–DecJanuary 31

You must file even with zero miles.

Source: NM Taxation & Revenue — Weight-Distance Tax

What Happens If You Don't File

  • 2% penalty per month on tax due (caps at 20%)
  • Your truck can be held at a port of entry until you pay
  • A "non-filer" flag lets enforcement detain your truck on the spot
  • Permits can be suspended

Source: NM Taxation & Revenue — Penalty & Interest Rates

New Mexico and IFTA

The weight-distance tax is fully separate from IFTA. IFTA handles fuel tax. The NM weight-distance tax is an extra charge based on miles and weight. You must keep up with both.

Source: NM MVD — Fuels Tax (IFTA)

Trip Tax for One-Off Trips

If you do not hold a yearly permit, you can pay a trip tax at a New Mexico port of entry when you enter the state. Prepaid trip permits start at $50 minimum. Credit card only at ports of entry.

Permit office: 505-476-2475 (Mon–Fri, 8 AM – 5 PM Mountain)

Source: NM Taxation & Revenue — Trip Tax


Kentucky: Weight-Distance Tax (KYU)

Kentucky calls its weight-distance tax the KYU (Kentucky Highway Use Tax). It has the highest weight threshold of the five states — only trucks over 59,999 lbs need to pay.

Who Must Sign Up

Any truck with a combined gross weight or licensed weight greater than 59,999 lbs on Kentucky roads. Both in-state and through-traffic carriers must have a KYU license.

Exempt: Farm-plated trucks.

Source: KY DRIVE — KYU

What It Costs

Kentucky keeps it simple — one flat rate for all weights above the threshold:

$0.0285 per mile (two and eighty-five hundredths cents)

No weight brackets, no tables. A truck driving 1,000 miles in Kentucky owes: 1,000 × $0.0285 = $28.50.

Source: KY DRIVE — KYU, KRS 138.660

How to Sign Up

Sign up through the Motor Carrier Portal at drive.ky.gov. You will need a Kentucky Online Gateway (KOG) account. No fee to get a KYU license.

You can also mail in TC Form 95-1 — allow 10–14 business days.

Each truck must be listed using TC Form 95-38 or through the online portal.

Display: Your KYU number must be shown on the front of the truck, readable from 100 feet away in daylight, between the windshield and the bumper.

Source: KY DRIVE — KYU, 601 KAR 1:200

Deadlines

Quarterly — returns due the last day of the next month:

QuarterMonthsDue
Q1Jan–MarApril 30
Q2Apr–JunJuly 31
Q3Jul–SepOctober 31
Q4Oct–DecJanuary 31

As of Q4 2024, all KYU returns must be filed and paid online through the Motor Carrier Portal.

You must file even with zero miles. Skipping a return can lead to a $500 revocation fee.

KYU licenses run out on December 31 each year and must be renewed.

Source: KY DRIVE — KYU

What Happens If You Don't File

  • Penalties and interest under KRS 138.715
  • $500 fee to get your license back after revocation
  • Your license can be cancelled for failure to file, non-payment, or poor records
  • To get it back you must: file all missed returns, pay all back taxes and penalties, post a bond, and show proof of insurance
  • Audit payments due within 45 days of notice — you have 45 days to file a written protest

Source: KY DRIVE — KYU, 601 KAR 1:200

Kentucky and IFTA

KYU and IFTA are wholly separate. The IFTA threshold is 26,001 lbs; KYU kicks in at 60,000 lbs. A truck over 60,000 lbs crossing state lines through Kentucky needs both an IFTA license (from your base state) and a KYU license (from Kentucky).

They are filed through different systems — IFTA through your base state, KYU through Kentucky's Motor Carrier Portal.

Source: KY DRIVE — IFTA, 601 KAR 1:200

Temp Permit for One-Off Trips

  • Cost: $40
  • Good for: 10 days
  • Scope: One truck per permit

Get one through the Motor Carrier Permits portal.

Source: KY DRIVE — KYU


Connecticut: Highway Use Fee (HUF)

Connecticut is the newest weight-distance state — the Highway Use Fee started on January 1, 2023. It only hits multi-unit trucks (tractor-trailers), not straight trucks.

Who Must Sign Up

Any truck with both of these:

  1. Gross weight of 26,000 lbs or more
  2. FHWA Class 8 through 13 (tractor-trailers and multi-trailer setups)

Single-unit trucks — even heavy ones — are not covered because they fall below FHWA Class 8.

Exempt: Trucks hauling milk to or from a licensed dairy farm.

Source: CT DRS — Highway Use Fee, CT General Statutes Chapter 222a

What It Costs

Connecticut has 28 weight brackets with rates that climb steeply. Key rates from the CT DRS HUF page:

Gross WeightRate per Mile
26,000–28,000 lbs$0.0250
40,001–42,000 lbs$0.0452
60,001–62,000 lbs$0.0740
78,001–80,000 lbs$0.1000
80,001+ lbs$0.1750

Watch out for the jump at 80,001 lbs — the rate leaps from $0.10 to $0.175 per mile. That is a 75% spike.

A typical 80,000-lb truck running 1,000 miles in Connecticut per quarter owes: 1,000 × $0.10 = $100.00.

Source: CT DRS — Highway Use Fee

How to Sign Up

Sign up through myconneCT (Connecticut's online tax portal). If you already have a CT IFTA account, you can add a HUF account through your current login.

Your HUF permit does not expire — no yearly renewal needed.

Phone: 860-297-5677 (Mon–Fri, 8:30 AM – 4:30 PM)

Source: CT DRS — Highway Use Fee

Deadlines

Quarterly (switched from monthly in October 2023):

QuarterMonthsDue
Q1Jan–MarApril 30
Q2Apr–JunJuly 31
Q3Jul–SepOctober 31
Q4Oct–DecJanuary 31

All filing and payment must be done online through myconneCT. There are no paper forms.

You must file even with zero miles.

Source: CT DRS — Highway Use Fee

What Happens If You Don't File

  • 1% interest per month on unpaid fees (cannot be waived)
  • 10% penalty on unpaid tax, or $50, whichever is more
  • You can ask for a penalty waiver if the delay was for a good reason — but interest is never waived

Source: CT DRS — Highway Use Fee

Connecticut and IFTA

The HUF is fully separate from IFTA. IFTA covers fuel tax. The HUF covers mileage. You need both if you run through Connecticut with a qualifying truck.

Source: CT DRS — IFTA

No Trip Permits for HUF

Unlike the other four states, Connecticut does not offer a trip permit or temp pass for the Highway Use Fee. You must fully register, even for a single trip through the state.


How Weight-Distance Taxes Work Alongside IFTA

This trips up a lot of drivers, so here is the plain truth:

IFTA handles fuel tax. You file one IFTA return with your base state, and it sorts out what you owe or are owed across all member states.

Weight-distance taxes are separate. Each of these five states runs its own program on top of IFTA. You sign up with each state, file with each state, and pay each state on its own.

The only oddball is Oregon — because its weight-mile tax replaces the per-gallon diesel tax, Oregon shows $0.00 on your IFTA return for diesel. The other four states charge their weight-distance tax on top of their normal IFTA fuel tax.

Here is what a truck over 60,000 lbs crossing through all five states in a quarter would need:

  1. IFTA license (from your base state) — covers fuel tax everywhere
  2. Oregon weight-mile tax account — filed with ODOT
  3. New York HUT certificate — filed with NY Tax Department
  4. New Mexico WDT permit — filed with NM MVD
  5. Kentucky KYU license — filed with KY Transportation Cabinet
  6. Connecticut HUF account — filed with CT DRS

That is six separate filings per quarter for a truck that runs through all five states.

Your Vehicle's Weight Matters

Every one of these taxes is tied to your truck's gross vehicle weight. Know your weight — and keep it up to date in your records. If you are a WheelsAndAxle user, you can set your truck's GVW in the vehicle settings so your worksheets line up with the right tax brackets.

Checklist: Are You Set Up?

  • Do you know which of these five states you run through?
  • Are you signed up with each state that applies?
  • Do you file on time — even for quarters with zero miles?
  • Do you keep trip logs with odometer readings, dates, and routes?
  • Is your truck's GVW declared right with each state?

If you answered "no" to any of these, sort it out before your next trip. The links in each section above go straight to the official .gov sign-up pages.


All facts in this post come from official state government websites (.gov). Links to each source are given inline. Tax rates and rules can change — always check the linked .gov page for the latest figures before you file. WheelsAndAxle is not a tax advisor, CPA, or filing service. You are solely responsible for verifying all figures with your base jurisdiction.

What 1,000 Miles Costs You: State by State

Here is what an 80,000-lb truck owes in weight-distance tax for every 1,000 miles driven in each state. These use the verified rates from each state's official rate table.

Weight-Distance Tax: Cost per 1,000 Miles at 80,000 lbs GVW

Data from official state .gov rate tables. Oregon rate not shown — see ODOT Form 9928 PDF for exact 80K bracket.

Connecticut is by far the priciest — nearly double New York and more than triple Kentucky. Oregon's rate at 80,000 lbs is in the same range but you must check ODOT Form 9928 for the exact number.

When the Tax Kicks In: Weight Thresholds by State

Official weight thresholds from each state's .gov program page.

New York catches the most trucks — any rig over 18,001 lbs. Kentucky only hits the heaviest — over 60,000 lbs. If your truck is between 26,000 and 60,000 lbs, you owe in four states but not Kentucky.

Disclaimer: WheelsAndAxle generates IFTA worksheets as preparation aids only. We are not a tax advisor, CPA, or filing service. Users bear sole responsibility for verifying all figures with their base jurisdiction before filing.

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Weight-Distance Tax States: Oregon, New York, New Mexico, Kentucky, Connecticut Guide for Truckers